The Common Characteristics of Land and Water Resources to Develop Agricultural Cultivation: A Case of a Developing Nation

Hodiyah, Ida The Common Characteristics of Land and Water Resources to Develop Agricultural Cultivation: A Case of a Developing Nation. AgBioForum (Jurnal).

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Abstract

Indonesia produces rice as a staple crop, but its water resources are limited, resulting in a severe battle for water between industry and agriculture. In many regions, the overexploitation of groundwater has resulted in a significant lack of water resources, creating a formidable obstacle to agricultural development. To maintain regional food security and sustainable rice agriculture, eight cities in the province of South Sulawesi were studied as study units in this work. The study's objective was to establish the optimal layout for rice cultivation regarding agricultural water and land resources. Secondly, the author evaluated the cultivated area based on existing agricultural water resources and irrigation development. Second, the study determined the layout for water-appropriate rice cultivation. Results indicated that the amount of agricultural and irrigated area that available water resources can support has about reached its maximum capacity. Ensure the sustainable development of the entire region, mitigate water scarcity, and ensure national food security. Yet, the spatial distribution of water demand for rice production has altered in the opposite direction of the quantity of water resources for agriculture per unit of irrigated area and precipitation. This indicates a mismatch between rice production and water availability, necessitating more water to sustain rice agriculture. The growing trend of the Gini coefficient shows that water restrictions constrain large-scale expansion of agricultural and irrigated regions. The study suggested focusing on regions with abundant water resources to promote irrigation and water- appropriate rice agriculture further

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